Summary

When designing tubular structures like subframes or roll cages in CAD, virtually notching the tubes is easy. But when it comes time to actually make the parts using CNC notching or doing it yourself, theres a few key CAD processes that can make life much easier. In this webinar we'll cover everything you need to know about notching tubes in CAD and then bringing these designs to life.

00:00 Hey team, Conor here from HPA.
00:01 Welcome to another one of our webinars.
00:03 This week we're going to be talking about notching tubes in CAD and then bringing this into real life.
00:09 So, there's a few different approaches that you need to take here, depending on how you plan on actually making the tubes.
00:17 Be it CNC bending or notching or the more traditional approach to fabrication with the paper wrap template.
00:25 And there's kind of two options here as well.
00:28 We have a HPA online calculator to help out with this or we can use CAD for kind of some more complex or notches that have kind of multiple angles on them or multiple tubes and then at the end, we'll have a little look at 3D printing some templates as well, because that can be a good option for some applications.
00:49 So, first of all, we'll start off by just talking about why we might use CAD for this work.
00:55 Obviously, if we're designing any tubular structures like chassis, roll cages, subframes, strut braces, anything like that, then all of the benefits of CAD come into play here and I probably shouldn't have to explain this so much at the moment at this point, but in terms of planning and visualization analysis, but a lot of it also helps when you're designing something in CAD, bringing that to real life with the manufacturing process.
01:25 So, we're just going to dive into Fusion and get started with modeling a bit of an example to walk through some of this stuff, but the same ideas can all be applied to any CAD software if you're working in SOLIDWORKS or anything else, they're all fairly similar in this regards.
01:51 So, I'll just bring up a little image first.
01:55 We're going to kind of look at modeling something like the junction on a roll cage, this is a tube chassis, I guess, but something like this, where we have the main hoop here, and that's curved, and then we have the rear brace and a bit of a cross brace all coming into this one junction here.
02:13 So, this is just looking at Riley Steer Motorsport, he does some awesome fabrication work for a lot of roll cages and a lot of other stuff as well.
02:25 We'll use that as a bit of an example, and just kind of come up with a bit of a design on the spot, but it'll be representative of what you might be working with if you're notching tubes.
02:36 So, what we're going to start off with in Fusion here is just a sketch.
02:41 We'll just sketch on this plane here, it's not going to matter too much.
02:46 We'll just start off by essentially mapping out the center lines for our tube structure.
02:52 So, we're just going to start on the origin here.
02:55 Bring a line out into space, click, and if we click and hold and then drag, we can get an arc off that tangent, and then we'll just come out something like that as well.
03:07 So, we're just doing a kind of section of tubing here.
03:11 We'll make that tangent there.
03:14 And just because I like to always do this with any of my sketches, even if it doesn't really matter, like in this case, I'm just going to fully define the sketch.
03:23 And let's say we're working with some tooling for our tube bending machine that has a six inch center line radius.
03:34 So, we'll just put that on there.
03:36 And then I'm just going to set a bit of an angle here as well.
03:39 So, it's somewhat representative of maybe what the main hoop looks like as it comes across the top around that curve and then down the B pillar.
03:50 And then it would probably straighten up and go down to the floor pan somewhere there.
03:55 So, that's one of our tubes.
03:56 And then off the back of that, what we'll do is we'll just sketch kind of from that midpoint there.
04:03 What we're going to do first, sorry, is turn on the 3D sketch preference in our sketch palette.
04:09 Grab our line tool again.
04:11 And then if we snap to the midpoint, if I can find it.
04:19 Oh, there it was.
04:20 The little triangle shows our midpoint of that arc, that section of line.
04:25 We just had some technical difficulties.
04:27 So, we'll just pick up where we left off.
04:29 So, we're just sketching this little bit of a roll cage structure, sketching some center lines to create some solid pipes in just a moment.
04:39 So, at this point, we've got this main hoop and now kind of a rear brace down to probably the strut tower or something like that.
04:48 I'll just put a bit of a dimension on some of these and lock down this point at the back, just so we know that can't move around.
05:00 And then we're just going to draw another one off this point.
05:08 And this would be essentially like the rear brace.
05:10 So, we're just going to have two tubes coming into the junction point at the back here.
05:19 So, sorry, if I can just find that again.
05:24 And bring that back down.
05:26 Then we have that cross brace as well.
05:30 Something like that anyway.
05:32 So, I'll just put a dimension on that as well and lock that down, just so I'm sure that that can't go moving anywhere.
05:41 Cool.
05:46 So, happy with that.
05:48 I'll finish that sketch and now we can jump into creating some actual tubes here.
05:53 I'll just throw that away.
05:56 Okay, so for this, there's a few different ways that you can model this stuff when you're working in CAD.
06:02 The pipe tool makes this really easy for doing these tubular structures.
06:08 Because it's just going to essentially sweep a circular cross section along whatever path we choose.
06:14 So, it's like using the sweep tool, just with some predefined sections that we can work with.
06:21 So, we've got the path here and we're just going to go chain selection.
06:25 Select that path for the main hoop, which is going to become our parent tube.
06:31 And then this is already kind of populated with some settings in here.
06:36 So, one is just the full distance of that path.
06:40 The section is going to be circular.
06:43 The section size.
06:44 So, that's our outer diameter.
06:47 And that is 38.1 millimeters, which is fairly standard for tubing size.
06:55 And then it's going to be hollow.
06:57 And the section thickness is going to be 2 .6 millimeters.
07:01 Same thing, just standard kind of roll cage size tubing there.
07:06 There's obviously a few different kind of standards there, depending on where you are and what material you're working with.
07:12 But it's all going to be the same in the end for what we're looking at.
07:16 New body.
07:17 Okay.
07:18 So, now we have that main hoop and it'll just automatically hide the sketch.
07:24 So, we just want to show that again.
07:25 And then we're going to create the other two here.
07:28 We'll take off the chain selection here, because otherwise it tries to do them both at once.
07:33 So, we'll just turn that off.
07:35 This one, we want to create a new body.
07:39 Same thing.
07:40 Okay.
07:40 And then finally here, pipe tool.
07:46 And do the last one.
07:48 Same thing.
07:49 New body.
07:50 Cool.
07:50 All right.
07:51 So, now we have these three bodies.
07:54 We have the parent tube and then we have these two tubes, which will be our notch tubes for our rear brace and the kind of cross braces coming in there as well.
08:02 But if we hide the main tube and maybe the other one, we can see they're just, you know, flat ended parts of the tube.
08:09 That aren't going to fit up very well.
08:13 So, there's a few different ways that we can notch the tubes.
08:17 And as I mentioned at the start, it really depends on how we are planning on kind of bringing them to life.
08:22 So, I'll show you the easiest one first.
08:25 That'll be suitable if you're just going to get them CNC notched or something like that.
08:30 And then I'll show you another method following on from that.
08:33 So, we'll start by notching this tube.
08:38 And then we'll do the other method on the other one.
08:41 Because probably, I guess the way you'd make this roll cage would be to notch this tube.
08:47 Have that come into the junction, weld all of that, and then bring that other tube in and notch that in both directions and then weld all that in.
08:55 I'm not a roll cage fabricator, but I'd assume that would be the way.
09:00 And naturally, if we have all our tubes coming into a junction like this rather than just terminating on the main tube in different locations, it's probably going to be stronger in this case.
09:10 So, that's kind of, I think, the proper way to do things.
09:13 Cool.
09:14 All right.
09:14 So, we'll just hide that tube for now.
09:16 And what we're going to do is we're going to notch this tube to fit up with this one.
09:21 Again, there's a few different ways we can do this.
09:23 So, we'll look at two different options here.
09:26 One way is to use the pipe tool again.
09:29 And then we can hide that first main tube.
09:32 So, we're not cutting that.
09:34 And then we're going to basically select that main tube again.
09:38 And it's automatically trying to cut this other body.
09:42 So, that's going to do that notch for us.
09:44 We can see it's just doing it through the thickness because it's hollow.
09:47 So, if I just clear that, then we're going to get a nice notch through that whole tube there.
09:54 Objects to cut, if we had that object one showing, body one showing, it would be in there.
10:00 And we could just deselect it from there as well.
10:03 So, either way you do it, you can either deselect it from there or just hide it out of that.
10:07 And we'll go OK.
10:10 So, now we have that tube notched.
10:15 And you can see it kind of makes this funny notch here where it's kind of in some ways perfect in terms of CAD goes with like the fit up.
10:24 But if you actually are a fabricator, you know, this isn't really perfect in terms of welding this because you get a really thin section of material through the top here.
10:32 So, that's going to be something that we need to consider later on when we do our other method.
10:37 But in terms of getting these CNC notched, this is actually fine.
10:41 And what we could do from here is just send this tube straight out to the manufacturer.
10:48 So, usually how we do that is we just export from under here a step file there.
10:57 And we could send that tube straight to the CNC notcher and they'd be able to do that for us.
11:04 And that's the exact process that we took when we made our CNC.
11:07 So, this is our X tubular chromoly subframe, which also had, you know, bends in the tubes and stuff as well.
11:14 And they did all the CNC notching and bending for us.
11:17 And then we just got the tubes back, ready to go.
11:19 Basically, we did a little bit of chamfering and so on just to prepare them for welding.
11:24 But that's essentially the process if you're going to notch the tubes for CNC.
11:32 Yeah, notch the tubes using CNC machines.
11:35 So, if I just back this up.
11:37 I'll just backtrack a little bit there and I'll just delete that notch that we just did.
11:41 The other way to do it is to use the split body tool.
11:45 So, if we click that and we go bodies to split, we can split this body.
11:50 And then using the splitting tool as the other body and just go okay there.
11:58 And then we can see if we hide that we just have two bodies now as it split it.
12:04 And then we can just right click and go.
12:06 Remove from there.
12:08 And that's essentially the same way to get the same result.
12:12 A different way to get the same result rather.
12:14 So, cool.
12:18 Happy with that for now.
12:21 And I'm just going to open up kind of another process that you can use from here.
12:27 So, if we have, you know, a notching tool.
12:33 I'm just going to bring up another video here off our YouTube channel.
12:41 So, if we have a notching tool like this here, then we can kind of transfer the angle straight from our CAD design here.
12:50 We could jump back into the sketch, for example.
12:53 And let's say that we had two straight sections like this.
13:02 And we had a pipe coming straight in there.
13:06 Then we could just get the measurement straight off that.
13:10 And let's say that's 49 degrees or something like that.
13:13 And we could come to our tube notcher here, set that to 49 degrees and take it straight from there.
13:19 So, that's one option if we're doing that.
13:21 If we don't have a tube notcher like that, then the other option is to use the paper wrap method, which is shown in this video.
13:32 At about here.
13:34 So, essentially, we print out a paper template and then we wrap it around the tube.
13:39 Usually, mark it out with a sharpie or something like that.
13:42 Mark out the area we need to cut off and then work with a grinder and so on to be able to trim out that area, tidy it up and get the right fit out.
13:54 I will get Jayden to link to this video in the chat if you're interested in looking at more of the practical stuff.
14:02 So, that's a really good video that we've done.
14:05 Part of our fabrication course, I believe.
14:07 So, a good place to kind of pick up those skills.
14:11 So, how do we go about creating that paper template that is shown just here? There's a couple of options.
14:19 So, the first would be our online calculator.
14:25 So, we have this notching calculator and we come in here and we could say we've got 38 .8 diameter parent tube.
14:31 The cut tube diameter in this case is the same.
14:35 The wall thickness is 2.6.
14:37 And then that cut tube angle I think is 49 degrees.
14:41 And then we can download the PDF from this and mark and essentially cut out this template and go straight from there using the exact process that's used in this video.
14:52 Same thing, I'll get Jayden to link to this calculator in the chat as well.
14:58 The downside of this, I guess.
15:01 Or the limitation compared to doing it all in CAD is that if we have multiple tubes coming to a junction like what we showed here.
15:11 Just backtrack that a bit.
15:14 Then this tube, for example, where we want to notch it in two directions, it gets a little bit more tricky to do something like that.
15:21 It is possible, but it's a lot harder.
15:24 And then if our parent tube also has a curve in it like that, it's quite tricky to account for that.
15:29 So, that's where our kind of CAD steps in with that little bit more flexibility.
15:35 So, how do we go about creating one of these paper templates essentially to mark out the area we want to cut out of our tube in CAD? So, the intention here is going to be to use our sheet metal toolset and essentially create a flat pattern of the tube.
15:55 So, in that we have to convert the tube to a sheet metal body.
16:01 And the main thing to consider here when we're converting a solid body like what we have into a sheet metal body is that the thickness needs to be consistent in the part.
16:15 So, if we look at something like this here, you know, the thickness, the distance between this inner diameter to the outer diameter through most of the tube is consistent.
16:23 But when we get to the notch on the end here, clearly this thickness isn't consistent.
16:28 It gets really thin at the end here.
16:29 So, when we're trying to convert that to a sheet metal body, it's basically just going to throw up an error.
16:35 I'll try to do it now.
16:38 Do something like that.
16:39 We'll see if it might actually work.
16:41 It did do it in that case, but it is going to be an issue when we try to convert, flatten that out.
16:48 So, we need to take a little bit of a different approach to notching it.
16:53 And we're going to do that on this tube here.
16:58 Cool.
16:59 So,...
17:00 The first thing to do is we're going to jump back to the solid modeling toolbar here and we're going to use the split face tool.
17:08 And then we're going to select the outer face and the inner face for the cross brace tube here that we need to notch.
17:18 And then for the splitting tool, we're going to have to do this in two steps.
17:22 So, we'll hide that other tube for now.
17:25 We're going to select the outer face.
17:29 And then if we get right in the end here, the inner face for that tube there.
17:36 And we'll go OK.
17:38 Then hide that first tube.
17:40 And we're kind of left with this pattern on the end where it split the face of the tube as it kind of intersects that main tube.
17:48 Then what we're going to do is use the press pull tool here.
17:52 And there's a few different ways that you could do this, to be honest.
17:55 But I've found this works really well.
17:57 We're just going to select essentially the faces that we want to remove like that from the inside and the outside.
18:07 And then I'm just going to subtract the material thickness, which is 2.6 and go OK.
18:12 And then you can see what we've got here is a really nice looking notch that is consistent thickness all the way through.
18:21 So, when we actually come to creating that template at the end, this is going to kind of be a lot more accurate to what we're trying to create.
18:31 So, that's the first bit of it done.
18:33 And then what we're going to do is basically the same thing.
18:36 So, split face, the inner and outer one.
18:40 And we're going to do that using the other tube.
18:43 The inner and outer faces again.
18:46 OK.
18:48 Hide that other tube.
18:49 Press pull tool.
18:51 So, it's just doing the same process all again.
18:55 Negative 2.6.
18:56 The material thickness.
18:58 And now we've got both those notches in there.
19:04 So, it all fits up well and doesn't kind of intersect or interfere with the other tube.
19:11 So, now the process is going to be converting this tube.
19:16 And we need to do the same thing with this one as well.
19:18 But we're just focusing on this tube for now.
19:21 Converting that to a sheet metal pattern and then flattening it out and getting that paper template off it.
19:27 So, we'll hide that main tube and we'll just hide this other one.
19:32 And now we're going to jump over to our sheet metal toolbar.
19:37 So, the main one of the critical things to consider before you're doing this is the sheet metal rules.
19:45 And you'll see here under my sheet metal rules that I have this paper template sheet metal rule.
19:52 And the key point in here.
19:54 One of them is the thickness being 2.6 millimeters.
19:57 So, it doesn't change the thickness of the tube.
20:00 So, that's matching the thickness of the material we plan to use.
20:04 And then this K factor or K value being equal to one here.
20:08 And that is something that we'd never use for any actual sheet metal modeling.
20:14 It'd usually be between 0.25 and 0.5.
20:18 That value, depending on what material we're using.
20:23 Like steel here, for example, being 0.4.
20:26 And what's aluminium? 0.44.
20:28 So, it's all the same.
20:29 But the K value or K factor is really critical when it comes to the sheet metal modeling here.
20:37 And basically what it does... How do I explain this without it getting too complicated? It determines the neutral axis.
20:47 So, that is in the center of the material.
20:51 Where that shifts towards the front or the back of the material through a bend.
20:56 And what that does is it allows you to calculate the bend allowance.
21:01 So, essentially how much material is used up as a sheet metal part goes through a fold or a bend.
21:08 So, how much extra material we need on the flat pattern.
21:12 So, when it's bent and it shortens, it'll account for that essentially.
21:17 So, if we think about this for our tube and being able to make that paper template.
21:21 We're trying to wrap that paper template around the outside of the tube.
21:25 So, the outer circumference.
21:27 So, we want this paper template to match that outer circumference.
21:31 So, our K factor is...
21:34 How it's calculated is the distance from the inside of the material to the neutral axis.
21:42 Which is usually, you know, if it's 0.5, that'll be halfway through the material.
21:47 And then that value divided by the thickness of the material.
21:51 So, if it's 1, that means that our neutral axis is on the outside of the material.
21:56 And that's essentially what we're aiming for here is getting that paper template wrapped around the outside.
22:02 So, that bend deduction or bend allowance doesn't come into play here.
22:07 So, in the end, if you're working, doing this process, you need that K factor value set to 1.
22:13 And this is... that's the reason why.
22:15 We will come back to this in a moment just to check at the end that we've got that all correct.
22:20 So, anyway, when I jump in here and I go create, convert to sheet metal, click that body.
22:29 Thickness detected at 2.6 and it's showing matching rules.
22:33 So, anything that I've got set for a thickness of 2.6 millimeters, it's matching that to this paper template rule.
22:40 I'm just going to hit OK.
22:41 Now, we can see in here that that body is just changed to a sheet metal body rather than one of these solid ones.
22:47 So, now we need a way of being able to flatten that out.
22:52 And again, there's a few different options here.
22:55 But essentially, we need to make a rip or a tear along it so it's not one piece of material.
23:02 It actually has a seam in it so it can be unfolded.
23:07 And Fusion, if you're on one of the latest ones, has a relatively new tool that hasn't always been there called Rip.
23:15 So, that's exactly what that's for.
23:17 And I'm pretty sure the same tool... It might be called Tear, though, is in So,lidWorks and so on.
23:23 Basically,, from this, we're just going to select point on that end and then a similar point down this end.
23:34 And we want to make sure that line is pretty straight along it.
23:39 Something like that looks pretty good.
23:42 And we'll just hit OK.
23:44 So, what that's done... And I'll just jump back into that really quickly.
23:48 For the gap width is 0.01.
23:51 Just tried to make that gap really small.
23:53 You could make it smaller, but 0.1 millimeters will be plenty.
23:57 And what that's done is just made this little gap along the whole thing.
24:04 So, now I'm able to create a flat pattern and select the outer face and go OK.
24:13 And then that'll jump us in here and give us this flat pattern.
24:17 So, this is essentially going to become our paper template.
24:21 So, if I just finish this flat pattern for now.
24:25 It's still saved up in here.
24:27 I could jump back into it.
24:29 I'm just going to save this part and I'm going to call this notch, cross, cross brace, upper, something like that.
24:40 So, we know which one it is.
24:41 Go save.
24:43 And then from here, I can go file, new drawing.
24:47 From design.
24:51 And then I'm going to get the flat pattern for this.
24:54 I'm just going to do it on A4 because it'll be plenty small enough to print on an A4 printer.
25:00 That's all I've got.
25:01 So, then I go OK.
25:06 And that opens up this drawing.
25:08 And I could delete all this stuff off it too, but I don't really need to.
25:14 Then I'm going to drop that on there.
25:15 Make sure the scale is 1.2.
25:17 And just go visible edges will be fine.
25:24 So, now I'm just going to rotate this in this case around 90 degrees.
25:34 OK.
25:36 And drag that down.
25:37 And I don't need that center line on there, but you get the idea.
25:41 And then I can just export this as a PDF from there.
25:45 Or print it straight from here as well.
25:48 Either way is going to work.
25:50 And then essentially what you end up with once you print that out and make sure when you go to print it out that the scale on your printer is just set to 1.2 as well.
25:59 You don't want it to adjust it.
26:01 But you essentially end up with this here, which you can then cut out your template, wrap it around the tube and go from there.
26:08 And you've got both the notches on there that you'd be able to trim out the right amount of material.
26:12 So, one thing that we'll just check.
26:15 So, we could check this on the actual part.
26:19 And that's the best way to do it is to measure between the two lines here and check that that matches the circumference of our tube.
26:30 Or the other way is to just jump into our CAD here.
26:34 Granted that we printed it one to one.
26:37 And I want to take a measurement between the two.
26:42 Top and bottom lines here.
26:44 And we're getting 119.59 there.
26:50 So, essentially, if we just Google...
26:54 I could do this with my calculator, but I don't have one.
27:01 Circle, circumference of a circle here.
27:06 And then we know the radius value is going to be half the diameter, which is 38.1.
27:11 So, we've got 19.05.
27:14 And that's saying 119.69 in this case.
27:17 So, you know, we're 0.1 off.
27:19 But it's not going to make any really critical difference when it comes to actually breaking out the angle grinder that the scale was just ever so slightly off.
27:28 But if it was, you know, if you used a K value of like 0.5 or something like this, this would be millimeters off.
27:34 And it does start to have an impact.
27:37 So, this is essentially why we use that K value of one in the end.
27:42 But yeah, that is kind of brings us to the end of that tube there.
27:48 And the same process would just be used for all the tubes to be able to make those paper templates.
27:54 And you'll get a really nice accurate result.
27:58 If you do have any questions about this, by the way, just feel free to ask them in the chat or anything CAD related, really.
28:04 And I'll do my best to answer them at the end.
28:08 But yeah, we'll just wrap up by covering one.
28:11 One more thing, and that's the 3D printed template.
28:16 So, we've got this tube here.
28:19 And I just wanted to bring up another little video, Instagram video here.
28:26 So, we had Carol S Motorsport on the podcast.
28:32 It's a really good podcast.
28:34 I definitely recommend listening to it.
28:36 We've actually had him on twice.
28:37 And he used this exact process of 3D printing.
28:42 And it's a little template to essentially be able to do what we're doing with the paper here.
28:47 So, he's 3D printed these little sleeves, fits them over, and then he does this.
28:52 Marks out the points and so on.
28:54 So, it's essentially using a little 3D printed jig.
28:56 And it is worth saying here that this is great if you're notching the same tube over and over.
29:02 If you're making the same subframe, for example.
29:06 It's not really suitable if you're just making a lot of one-off stuff.
29:10 Because there's no point 3D printing plastic to just do it once when you could do it with a paper template.
29:19 But we'll just have a look at how you might go about creating one of those little plastic 3D printed sleeves if you did want to take that approach.
29:31 So, again, there's lots of different ways you can do this stuff in CAD, different approaches.
29:37 I'll just show one possible one.
29:39 So, what I'm going to do is just start by making a plane in about the right location.
29:46 So, I can make a little sleeve on the end here.
29:49 Then I'm going to sketch on that plane.
29:53 I'll just hide that earlier sketch.
29:59 And project this out of face.
30:02 Then what I'm going to do is just make...
30:08 Take off the 3D sketch.
30:09 I'm just going to make another plane here, which is just a little bit bigger than our 38.1mm outer diameter measurement.
30:20 I'm just going to add 0.2mm to that, for example.
30:23 So, we've got a little bit of clearance.
30:26 And then I'll just make another larger circle.
30:32 Yeah,, that is... I clicked the wrong thing.
30:38 Let's say 5mm larger.
30:41 So, we've got a bit of wall thickness to work with there.
30:43 And I'll go finish sketch.
30:46 Then show that sketch.
30:48 And I'll just make an extrude of that profile.
30:52 Bring it out here a little bit.
30:53 And just...
30:56 Because I'm just going to, you know, set that to a slightly different color.
31:02 So, we can kind of distinguish the two of them.
31:04 So, this is going to be our 3D printed part.
31:07 And we just need to create that kind of notched structure in it.
31:12 So, there's a few different ways to do this.
31:17 I'm going to use the same process that we essentially used to notch the tubes in the first place.
31:22 And I'm going to split face on this inner one and outer face of that new tube.
31:30 And with the splitting tools, I'm going to select those surfaces of the notch.
31:41 There... Not the inside one.
31:44 I have to deselect that.
31:49 God.
31:50 I'm just going to have to do that again, sorry.
31:58 Ah, I have made one mistake here.
32:01 I just need to delete that tear.
32:07 That'll make things a lot easier.
32:08 So, again, jump back into it.
32:12 Split face.
32:16 Inner and the outer face.
32:18 Splitting tool.
32:21 Those faces of the notch.
32:27 And if I just extend those out, and that'll cut through those faces.
32:32 Okay.
32:33 And then I can use the press pull tool.
32:36 Select those.
32:40 And...
32:42 Minus five should do it.
32:44 Okay.
32:45 Cool.
32:45 So, now we've just got a part that we could 3D print.
32:49 Essentially a little jig template of that.
32:52 And we'll just be able to pull it over the tube.
32:56 Any tube in any position.
32:57 And just mark that out.
32:59 With, you know, a Sharpie or something as well.
33:01 Or a marker.
33:03 And then cut it.
33:04 Just as we had with the paper template.
33:07 But if you're making a whole bunch of subframes.
33:10 Or something like that.
33:11 Then it's just a jig that you can use over and over to do a similar thing.
33:14 Or if you just want to mark one of these for 45 degrees.
33:19 Or some common angles that you find yourself constantly notching.
33:23 Then it's just a way that you can reuse it over and over.
33:26 Without having to print out a paper template.
33:29 And cut that out and work from there as well.
33:31 So, that's just a slightly alternative approach to doing the same thing, I guess.
33:37 All right.
33:38 So, I think that's wrapped that up.
33:40 I'll just jump in and see if we've got any questions.
33:44 Looks like we've just got one here.
33:48 Neville Betridge.
33:50 On the cross brace going to the rear.
33:53 How would you create the gusset where they cross? Say out of 1.6mm cold roll stainless steel.
34:01 So, good question.
34:02 And I was going to cover this in another webinar.
34:08 But there's a few different approaches you can take.
34:11 I would probably start by mapping out a bit of a plane across those.
34:18 So, even if that means I'm not 100% sure because I haven't quite done this yet.
34:26 Oh, did that make an axis? Yeah.
34:31 You could do an axis or a cylinder.
34:37 You could mark out some planes here on the surface of those parts.
34:45 Or maybe in between them or something.
34:47 Depends how you want to do it.
34:49 So, work on some planes and then you could, you know, sketch.
34:53 Oh, that one.
34:54 That plane disappeared.
34:55 Sorry.
34:56 Get that back.
34:59 Say something like this.
35:01 This is really rough and ready.
35:03 But you could sketch on that and then use something like the intersect tool.
35:08 So, that was under here.
35:10 Project, include, intersect.
35:12 And you could, you know, find the points where you intersect through those.
35:18 Mark out a gusset, something like that.
35:20 Obviously, this isn't great.
35:22 And I would do this a lot better.
35:24 And then you could create a flange on there.
35:31 And that is just a really, really quick approach to it.
35:35 But that's the kind of idea, I think.
35:38 Something like that.
35:39 So, hopefully that's kind of given you some insight into maybe a starting point there.
35:43 But that's the rest of the questions.
35:46 Yeah.
35:47 Hopefully that's given everyone a bit of insight into notching some tubes in CAD software.
35:52 And the approach that you need to take to it depending on how you plan to create the tubes in the end.
36:00 A few different options there for, you know, creating those paper templates when it comes to actually doing the fabrication yourself as well.
36:10 So, we'll leave it at that.
36:12 And we'll be back next week with another webinar.
36:15 So, thanks for watching.